• Evaluating oral bioavailability, drug-likeness, intestinal epithelial permeability and aqueous solubility
• Identifying 3987 potential protein targets
• Establishing interacting networks between herbal molecules and targets, and between targets and associated diseases
• Working on a manually curated database of 31871 herbal compounds and 848 associated diseases

Systems pharmacology, an emerging discipline focused on identifying drug targets and exploring the underlying mechanisms of action of drugs, aims to develop formal mathematical and computational models that incorporate data at several temporal and spatial scales;

These models will focus on interactions among multiple elements (biomolecules, cells, tissues etc.) as a means to understand and predict therapeutic and toxic effects of drugs.

Creation of multi-scale models that ultimately span knowledge of molecules, cells, tissues and patients will be particularly critical for preclinical and clinical research teams evaluating target selection and testing therapeutic proof of concept.

Systems pharmacology draws on several existing disciplines, including classic pharmacology, chemical biology, biochemistry and structural biology, molecular genetics and genomics, pathology, applied mathematics, and medicine.

Systems pharmacology will accelerate drug discovery and development by helping to identify and validate targets (and druggable) networks, design better drugs and drug combinations, select appropriate doses and dosage regimens and identify those patients most likely to respond to new therapeutic agents and combinations.

It will therefore become a core discipline of traditional herbal medicine.